Givet ett balanserat uttryck, hitta om det innehåller dubbla parenteser eller inte. En uppsättning parenteser dupliceras om samma deluttryck omges av flera parenteser.
Exempel:
Below expressions have duplicate parenthesis -
((a+b)+((c+d)))
The subexpression 'c+d' is surrounded by two
pairs of brackets.
(((a+(b)))+(c+d))
The subexpression 'a+(b)' is surrounded by two
pairs of brackets.
(((a+(b))+c+d))
The whole expression is surrounded by two
pairs of brackets.
((a+(b))+(c+d))
(b) and ((a+(b)) is surrounded by two
pairs of brackets but it will not be counted as duplicate.
Below expressions don't have any duplicate parenthesis -
((a+b)+(c+d))
No subexpression is surrounded by duplicate
brackets.
Det kan antas att det givna uttrycket är giltigt och att det inte finns några blanksteg.
Tanken är att använda stack. Iterera genom det givna uttrycket och för varje tecken i uttrycket om tecknet är en öppen parentes '(' eller någon av operatorerna eller operanderna trycker den till toppen av stacken. Om tecknet är nära parentes ')' så poppar tecknen från stacken tills matchande öppen parentes '(' hittas och en räknare används vars värde ökas tills öppningsnumret räknas upp för varje tecknet hittas. av karaktärer som påträffas mellan öppningen och avslutningen parentespar som är lika med värdet på räknaren är mindre än 1 då hittas ett par dubbletter av parenteser annars finns det ingen förekomst av redundanta parentespar. Till exempel (((a+b))+c) har dubbletter av parenteser runt 'a+b'. När den andra ')' efter a+b påträffas innehåller stacken '(('. Eftersom toppen av stapeln är en öppningsparentes kan man dra slutsatsen att det finns dubbletter av parenteser.
Nedan är implementeringen av ovanstående idé:
C++
// C++ program to find duplicate parenthesis in a // balanced expression #include using namespace std; // Function to find duplicate parenthesis in a // balanced expression bool findDuplicateparenthesis(string str) { // create a stack of characters stack<char> Stack; // Iterate through the given expression for (char ch : str) { // if current character is close parenthesis ')' if (ch == ')') { // pop character from the stack char top = Stack.top(); Stack.pop(); // stores the number of characters between a // closing and opening parenthesis // if this count is less than or equal to 1 // then the brackets are redundant else not int elementsInside = 0; while (top != '(') { elementsInside++; top = Stack.top(); Stack.pop(); } if(elementsInside < 1) { return 1; } } // push open parenthesis '(' operators and // operands to stack else Stack.push(ch); } // No duplicates found return false; } // Driver code int main() { // input balanced expression string str = '(((a+(b))+(c+d)))'; if (findDuplicateparenthesis(str)) cout << 'Duplicate Found '; else cout << 'No Duplicates Found '; return 0; }
Java import java.util.Stack; // Java program to find duplicate parenthesis in a // balanced expression public class GFG { // Function to find duplicate parenthesis in a // balanced expression static boolean findDuplicateparenthesis(String s) { // create a stack of characters Stack<Character> Stack = new Stack<>(); // Iterate through the given expression char[] str = s.toCharArray(); for (char ch : str) { // if current character is close parenthesis ')' if (ch == ')') { // pop character from the stack char top = Stack.peek(); Stack.pop(); // stores the number of characters between a // closing and opening parenthesis // if this count is less than or equal to 1 // then the brackets are redundant else not int elementsInside = 0; while (top != '(') { elementsInside++; top = Stack.peek(); Stack.pop(); } if (elementsInside < 1) { return true; } } // push open parenthesis '(' operators and // operands to stack else { Stack.push(ch); } } // No duplicates found return false; } // Driver code public static void main(String[] args) { // input balanced expression String str = '(((a+(b))+(c+d)))'; if (findDuplicateparenthesis(str)) { System.out.println('Duplicate Found '); } else { System.out.println('No Duplicates Found '); } } }
Python # Python3 program to find duplicate # parenthesis in a balanced expression # Function to find duplicate parenthesis # in a balanced expression def findDuplicateparenthesis(string): # create a stack of characters Stack = [] # Iterate through the given expression for ch in string: # if current character is # close parenthesis ')' if ch == ')': # pop character from the stack top = Stack.pop() # stores the number of characters between # a closing and opening parenthesis # if this count is less than or equal to 1 # then the brackets are redundant else not elementsInside = 0 while top != '(': elementsInside += 1 top = Stack.pop() if elementsInside < 1: return True # push open parenthesis '(' operators # and operands to stack else: Stack.append(ch) # No duplicates found return False # Driver Code if __name__ == '__main__': # input balanced expression string = '(((a+(b))+(c+d)))' if findDuplicateparenthesis(string) == True: print('Duplicate Found') else: print('No Duplicates Found') # This code is contributed by Rituraj Jain
C# // C# program to find duplicate parenthesis // in a balanced expression using System; using System.Collections.Generic; class GFG { // Function to find duplicate parenthesis // in a balanced expression static Boolean findDuplicateparenthesis(String s) { // create a stack of characters Stack<char> Stack = new Stack<char>(); // Iterate through the given expression char[] str = s.ToCharArray(); foreach (char ch in str) { // if current character is // close parenthesis ')' if (ch == ')') { // pop character from the stack char top = Stack.Peek(); Stack.Pop(); // stores the number of characters between // a closing and opening parenthesis // if this count is less than or equal to 1 // then the brackets are redundant else not int elementsInside = 0; while (top != '(') { elementsInside++; top = Stack.Peek(); Stack.Pop(); } if (elementsInside < 1) { return true; } } // push open parenthesis '(' // operators and operands to stack else { Stack.Push(ch); } } // No duplicates found return false; } // Driver code public static void Main(String[] args) { // input balanced expression String str = '(((a+(b))+(c+d)))'; if (findDuplicateparenthesis(str)) { Console.WriteLine('Duplicate Found '); } else { Console.WriteLine('No Duplicates Found '); } } } // This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar
JavaScript // JavaScript program to find duplicate parentheses in a balanced expression function findDuplicateParenthesis(s) { let stack = []; // Iterate through the given expression for (let ch of s) { // If current character is a closing parenthesis ')' if (ch === ')') { let top = stack.pop(); // Count the number of elements // inside the parentheses let elementsInside = 0; while (top !== '(') { elementsInside++; top = stack.pop(); } // If there's nothing or only one element // inside it's redundant if (elementsInside < 1) { return true; } } // Push open parenthesis '(' operators and operands to stack else { stack.push(ch); } } // No duplicates found return false; } // Driver code let str = '(((a+(b))+(c+d)))'; if (findDuplicateParenthesis(str)) { console.log('Duplicate Found'); } else { console.log('No Duplicates Found'); } // This code is contributed by rag2127
Produktion
Duplicate Found
Produktion:
Duplicate FoundTidskomplexitet av ovanstående lösning är O(n).
Hjälputrymme som används av programmet är O(n).